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Multiple Choice Practice (15 questions)

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Which of the following was a major cause of the Industrial Revolution beginning in Britain?

(A) The absence of natural resources
(B) Britain's small population
(C) Abundant coal, iron, and capital accumulated from colonial trade
(D) Strict government control over the economy

The enclosure movement most directly contributed to industrialization by:

(A) Reducing the urban population
(B) Creating a landless labor force that migrated to cities
(C) Eliminating coal mining
(D) Restoring feudal privileges

"In our factory the children begin work at five in the morning and finish at eight in the evening, with two short breaks. The foreman strikes them if they fall asleep at the looms."

This passage best describes:

(A) Conditions in medieval cottage industry
(B) Conditions in nineteenth-century factories
(C) Conditions after the Factory Acts of 1833
(D) Conditions in Japanese rural villages before the Meiji Restoration

James Watt's most important contribution to the Industrial Revolution was:

(A) The cotton gin
(B) The telegraph
(C) Improvements to the steam engine
(D) The Bessemer process for steel

"The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild-master and journeyman, oppressor and oppressed."

This passage was written by:

(A) Adam Smith
(B) Robert Owen
(C) Karl Marx

(D) John Locke

In Marxist theory, the proletariat refers to:

(A) Owners of factories and banks
(B) Industrial wage workers who own no productive property
(C) Aristocratic landowners
(D) Government officials

Which of the following best describes laissez-faire economics?

(A) Government should regulate prices and wages
(B) Government should leave economic activity largely alone
(C) Means of production should be collectively owned
(D) The state should own all major industries

Which of the following was a result of the Meiji Restoration in Japan?

(A) Restoration of the Tokugawa shogunate
(B) Continuation of sakoku (national seclusion)
(C) Rapid industrialization and emergence as an imperial power
(D) Colonization by the United States

Commodore Matthew Perry is significant in world history because he:

(A) Defeated Napoleon at Waterloo
(B) Forced Japan to open to foreign trade
(C) Invented the steam engine
(D) Wrote the Communist Manifesto

Eli Whitney's cotton gin had which of the following effects?

(A) Reduced demand for American slave labor
(B) Increased the economic importance of slavery in the American South
(C) Ended British textile production
(D) Made cotton production unprofitable

Which of the following best describes the Luddites?

(A) Religious reformers
(B) English workers who destroyed machinery they blamed for unemployment
(C) Utopian socialists who built cooperative communities
(D) American abolitionists

Robert Owen is best known for:

• (A) Writing the Communist Manifesto • (B) Building a model factory community at New Lanark • (C) Inventing the spinning jenny • (D) Leading the suffragette movement 13. The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 is best known for: • (A) Launching the Industrial Revolution in the United States • (B) Beginning the organized U.S. women's rights movement • (C) Abolishing slavery • (D) Founding the first American labor union 14. By 1900, which country had surpassed Britain in steel production? • (A) Russia • (B) Spain • (C) Germany • (D) China 15. Which of the following best describes the significance of the railroad in industrial Europe? • (A) Railroads slowed industrial growth • (B) Railroads connected industrial sites to markets, lowered shipping costs, and stimulated demand for iron and coal • (C) Railroads only served military purposes • (D) Railroads were eventually replaced by canals