Question Format 3: Identify the Economic Ideology

A quotation from Smith, Marx, or another thinker is presented; Maria identifies the ideology.

Sample stimulus: "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles."

Strategy: Recognition cues. "Invisible hand," "self-interest," "free markets," "laissez-faire" signals capitalism (Adam Smith). "Class struggle," "bourgeoisie," "proletariat," "workers of the world unite," "means of production" signals Marxism. "Cooperative community," "shared ownership" without revolutionary language signals utopian socialism.