38. Describe the Three Estates and identify which paid almost all taxes.

39. Name two long-term and two short-term causes of the French Revolution.

40. Identify the date and significance of the Storming of the Bastille.

41. Summarize the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen.

42. Define the Reign of Terror and identify its principal architect.

43. Explain how the Reign of Terror ended.

44. Identify two lasting effects of the French Revolution.

Napoleon

45. Name three of Napoleon's reforms and explain their lasting significance.

46. Explain the Napoleonic Code and why it mattered beyond France.

47. Name three causes of Napoleon's defeat.

48. Identify Napoleon's final defeat by name, date, and victor.

Congress of Vienna

49. Name the principal architect of the Congress of Vienna and his goals.

50. Define balance of power.

51. Identify one success and one failure of the Congress of Vienna.

Haitian Revolution

52. Identify when and where the Haitian Revolution occurred.

53. Identify Toussaint L'Ouverture and his significance.

54. Explain why the Haitian Revolution exposed contradictions in the French Revolution.

55. Explain Haiti's significance as a precedent for other liberation movements.

Latin American Revolutions

56. Name three causes of Latin American independence movements.

57. Identify Simón Bolívar and the countries he liberated.

58. Identify José de San Martín and the countries he liberated.

59. Explain one major limitation of Latin American independence.

60. Explain how Brazilian independence differed from Spanish American independence.

Nationalism and Unification

61. Define nationalism.

62. Explain how Napoleon's conquests inadvertently fostered nationalism.

63. Name the Three Pillars of Italian unification and identify each one's role.

64. Name Bismarck's central principles and identify the three wars of German unification.

65. Identify two consequences of German unification for European politics.

66. Identify what Italian and German unification had in common.