Question Format 2: Cause-and-Effect on the French Revolution

Questions ask about causes (Three Estates inequality, financial crisis, Enlightenment influence) or effects (end of feudalism, spread of nationalism, rise of Napoleon).

Sample question type: Which of the following was a long-term cause of the French Revolution?

Strategy: Long-term causes are the structural ones (inequality among the estates, financial mismanagement, Enlightenment ideas). Short-term causes are the immediate triggers (bread shortages of 1788-89, calling of the Estates-General).