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Consequences

  • End of East India Company rule. The British government took direct control of India in 1858 (the British Raj).
  • Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of India (1877)
  • British policy became more cautious about social reform but more racially exclusive
  • Indians were excluded from senior administrative positions
  • Lasting damage to Hindu-Muslim cooperation, which British administrators deliberately exploited through divide-and-rule policies
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