Stimulus may be a quote from a French finance minister or a description of trade policy.

Recognition cues:

Phrases like "favorable balance of trade," "colonies must enrich the mother country," "tariffs to protect domestic industry," "accumulate gold and silver." If the passage describes restricting colonial trade or hoarding precious metals, the answer is mercantilism.

Question Format 5: Atlantic Slave Trade Effects

Questions on Middle Passage conditions, demographic effects on Africa, the economic basis of plantation colonies, or comparisons to other forms of unfree labor.

High-leverage facts: Roughly 12 million Africans were transported. Mortality on the Middle Passage was 15-20%. The trade enriched European port cities and helped fund the Industrial Revolution. It depopulated parts of West Africa and distorted African political development.

Question Format 6: Compare Two Empires

These tend to appear in CRQ sets. Maria may be asked to compare Ottoman millet policy with Mughal religious policy, or to compare absolutism in France with constitutional monarchy in Britain, or to identify a similarity between Tokugawa Japan and Qing China (both isolationist, both Confucian-influenced).

Strategy: Use the comparison table she memorized. Common comparison axes: government type, religious policy, attitude to foreign contact, economic basis.

Likely Constructed-Response Question topics

1. Compare how the Ottoman millet system and the Mughal Empire under Akbar managed religious diversity
2. Explain the cause-and-effect relationship between the Columbian Exchange and the Atlantic slave trade
3. Identify a turning point in the Mughal Empire (the reign of Aurangzeb is a likely focus)
4. Compare absolutism in France with constitutional monarchy in England
5. Explain how mercantilism shaped the relationship between European powers and their colonies

Likely Enduring Issues Essay material from Unit 10.1

If 10.1-era documents appear in the essay, they will almost certainly support these enduring issues.

• Power and abuse of power: Atlantic slave trade, encomienda, absolutism, Aurangzeb's policies
• Inequality: Caste, slavery, feudal classes, Tokugawa class system
• Cultural diffusion: Columbian Exchange, spread of Islam, Confucian influence across East Asia
• Interconnectedness: Global trade, silver flows, triangular trade